Carbon footprint in sugar cane cultivation. Agricultural evaluation of a case study of the ecuadorian amazon
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Published:
Aug 6, 2020
Keywords:
Global warming, Climatic change, Crops, Cool Farm Tool, Environmental impacts
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Abstract
Sugar cane is an economically important crop in Ecuador, in 2016 it represented 3.30% of the gross domestic product (GDP). It is considered a direct and indirect source of employment for around 110,000 inhabitants of the population. This work evaluates the emissions of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) from the production of sugarcane from a case study of the Ecuadorian Amazon. The methodology used is the Cool Farm Tool, based on the methods proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The results of this study show that the production of a ton of sugar cane has a carbon footprint (HC) of 50 kg CO2 equivalent h-1. Direct and indirect field application of N2O and crop residue management were found to significantly affect greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The methodology used and the results obtained can be referential to study other agricultural extensions of sugar cane in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Finally, it is suggested that subsequent evaluations of products obtained with sugar cane be carried out to provide relevant information on the contribution.
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Soto-Cabrera, A. I., Panimboza-Ojeda, A. P., Ramones-Pinargote, A., Pérez-Martínez, A., Sarduy-Pereira, L. B., & Diéguez-Santana, K. (2020). Carbon footprint in sugar cane cultivation. Agricultural evaluation of a case study of the ecuadorian amazon. Ingenio Magno, 11(1), 22-32. Retrieved from http://revistas.ustatunja.edu.co/index.php/ingeniomagno/article/view/1999
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Artículos Vol. 11-1
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References
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Carmo, J. B. D., Filoso, S., Zotelli, L. C., De Sousa Neto, E. R., Pitombo, L. M., Duarte-Neto, P. J., . . . Martinelli, L. A. (2013). Infield greenhouse gas emissions from sugarcane soils in brazil: Effects from synthetic and organic fertilizer application and crop trash accumulation. GCB Bioenergy, 5(3), 267-280. doi:10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01199.x
Chandra, V. V., Hemstock, S. L., Mwabonje, O. N., De Ramon N’Yeurt, A., y Woods, J. (2018). Life Cycle Assessment of Sugarcane Growing Process in Fiji. Sugar Tech, 20(6), 692-699. doi:10.1007/s12355-018-0607-1
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Dunkelberg, E., Finkbeiner, M., y Hirschl, B. (2014). Sugarcane ethanol production in Malawi: Measures to optimize the carbon footprint and to avoid indirect emissions. Biomass and Bioenergy, 71, 37-45. doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.10.006
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IPCC. (2014). Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of climate change. In O. Edenhofer, R. Pichs-Madruga, Y. Sokona, E. Farahani, S. Kadner, K. Seyboth, y A. Adler (Eds.), Working Group III Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Vol. 2014 Annual Report). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ledón, Y. C., Pérez, L. E. A., Santana, K. D., Domínguez, E. R., y Pérez, M. C. M. (2015). Introduction of SOFC Technology into Cuban Energy Sector: Technical and Sustainability Analysis. Journal of Chemical Engineering Research Updates, 2, 36-50. doi:10.15377/2409-983X.2015.02.02.1
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López Astudillo, A., Rodríguez, L. M., Lubo, C. M., Abadía López, J., Orozco, O. A., Sandoval, J. S., y Arenas, F. (2018). Evaluación de las emisiones de GEI por fertilización del cultivo de
caña de azúcar, desde un enfoque en dinámica de sistemas. Ingeniería y Desarrollo, 36(1), 3-17.
Martín, N. J., y Pérez, G. (2009). Evaluación agroproductiva de cuatro sectores de la provincia de Pastaza en la Amazonía ecuatoriana. Cultivos Tropicales, 30(1), 00-06.
Nguyen, T. L. T., y Gheewala, S. H. (2008). Life cycle assessment of fuel ethanol from cane molasses in Thailand. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 13(4), 301. doi:10.1007/s11367-008-0011-2
Núñez, O., y Spaans, E. (2008). Evaluation of green-cane harvesting and crop management with a trash-blanket. Sugar Tech, 10(1), 29-35. doi:10.1007/s12355-008-0005-1
Pippo, W. A., Luengo, C. A., Alberteris, L. A. M., Garzone, P., y Cornacchia, G. (2011). Energy recovery from sugarcane-trash in the light of 2nd generation biofuels. Part 1: Current situation and environmental aspects. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2(1), 1-16. doi:10.1007/s12649-010-9048-0
Reinosa-Valladares, M., Canciano-Fernández, J., Hernández-Garcés, A., Ordoñez-Sánchez, Y. C., y Figueroa-Beltrán, I. (2018). Huella de carbono en la industria azucarera. Caso de estudio. Tecnología Química, 38(2), 437-445.
Arteaga-Pérez, L. E., Segura, C., y Santana, K. D. (2016). Procesos de torrefacción para valorización de residuos lignocelulósicos. Análisis de posibles tecnologías de aplicación en Sudamérica. Afinidad, 73(573), 60-68.
Carmo, J. B. D., Filoso, S., Zotelli, L. C., De Sousa Neto, E. R., Pitombo, L. M., Duarte-Neto, P. J., . . . Martinelli, L. A. (2013). Infield greenhouse gas emissions from sugarcane soils in brazil: Effects from synthetic and organic fertilizer application and crop trash accumulation. GCB Bioenergy, 5(3), 267-280. doi:10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01199.x
Chandra, V. V., Hemstock, S. L., Mwabonje, O. N., De Ramon N’Yeurt, A., y Woods, J. (2018). Life Cycle Assessment of Sugarcane Growing Process in Fiji. Sugar Tech, 20(6), 692-699. doi:10.1007/s12355-018-0607-1
de Figueiredo, E. B., Panosso, A. R., Romão, R., y La Scala Jr, N. (2010). Greenhouse gas emission associated with sugar production in southern Brazil. Carbon Balance and Management, 5. doi:10.1186/1750- 0680-5-3
Dunkelberg, E., Finkbeiner, M., y Hirschl, B. (2014). Sugarcane ethanol production in Malawi: Measures to optimize the carbon footprint and to avoid indirect emissions. Biomass and Bioenergy, 71, 37-45. doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.10.006
FAO. (2018). FAOSTAT [Estadísticas de cultivos]. Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura. Recuperado de http://www.fao.org/faostat/es/#data /QC
García-Prado, R., Pérez-Martínez, A., Diéguez-Santana, K., Mesa-Garriga, L., González-Herrera, I., González- Cortés, M., y González-Suarez, E. (2015). Incorporación de otras materias primas como fuentes de azúcares fermentables en destilerías existentes de alcohol. Revista Facultad de Ingeniería(75), 130-142. doi:10.17533/udea.redin.n75a13
Hillier, J., Walter, C., Malin, D., Garcia- Suarez, T., Mila-i-Canals, L., y Smith, P. (2011). A farm-focused calculator for emissions from crop and livestock production. Environmental Modelling and Software, 26(9), 1070-1078. doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.03.014
IPCC. (2014). Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of climate change. In O. Edenhofer, R. Pichs-Madruga, Y. Sokona, E. Farahani, S. Kadner, K. Seyboth, y A. Adler (Eds.), Working Group III Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Vol. 2014 Annual Report). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ledón, Y. C., Pérez, L. E. A., Santana, K. D., Domínguez, E. R., y Pérez, M. C. M. (2015). Introduction of SOFC Technology into Cuban Energy Sector: Technical and Sustainability Analysis. Journal of Chemical Engineering Research Updates, 2, 36-50. doi:10.15377/2409-983X.2015.02.02.1
León-Martínez, T. S., Dopíco-Ramírez, D., Triana-Hernández, O., y Medina- Estevez, M. (2013). Paja de la caña de azúcar. Sus usos en la actualidad. ICIDCA. Sobre los Derivados de la Caña de Azúcar, 47(2), 13-22.
Lisboa, C. C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Mauder, M., y Kiese, R. (2011). Bioethanol production from sugarcane and emissions of greenhouse gases – known and unknowns. GCB Bioenergy, 3(4), 277- 292. doi:10.1111/j.1757- 1707.2011.01095.x
López Astudillo, A., Rodríguez, L. M., Lubo, C. M., Abadía López, J., Orozco, O. A., Sandoval, J. S., y Arenas, F. (2018). Evaluación de las emisiones de GEI por fertilización del cultivo de
caña de azúcar, desde un enfoque en dinámica de sistemas. Ingeniería y Desarrollo, 36(1), 3-17.
Martín, N. J., y Pérez, G. (2009). Evaluación agroproductiva de cuatro sectores de la provincia de Pastaza en la Amazonía ecuatoriana. Cultivos Tropicales, 30(1), 00-06.
Nguyen, T. L. T., y Gheewala, S. H. (2008). Life cycle assessment of fuel ethanol from cane molasses in Thailand. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 13(4), 301. doi:10.1007/s11367-008-0011-2
Núñez, O., y Spaans, E. (2008). Evaluation of green-cane harvesting and crop management with a trash-blanket. Sugar Tech, 10(1), 29-35. doi:10.1007/s12355-008-0005-1
Pippo, W. A., Luengo, C. A., Alberteris, L. A. M., Garzone, P., y Cornacchia, G. (2011). Energy recovery from sugarcane-trash in the light of 2nd generation biofuels. Part 1: Current situation and environmental aspects. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2(1), 1-16. doi:10.1007/s12649-010-9048-0
Reinosa-Valladares, M., Canciano-Fernández, J., Hernández-Garcés, A., Ordoñez-Sánchez, Y. C., y Figueroa-Beltrán, I. (2018). Huella de carbono en la industria azucarera. Caso de estudio. Tecnología Química, 38(2), 437-445.